Отношение женщин среднего возраста к концепции успешного старения
Научная статья
Для цитирования
Зеликова Ю. А. Отношение женщин среднего возраста к концепции успешного старения // Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация. 2025. Том 17. № 2. С. 92-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2025.17.2.5 EDN: LSBBOL
Аннотация
Статья посвящена изучению процесса старения в современной России. Старение влияет на жизненные шансы пожилых людей, приводит к потере ресурсов и привилегий. Успешное старение — одно из основных понятий критической геронтологии. Эта концепция была сформулирована для противостояния нарративам о старении как о процессе упадка, снижения, дисфункции, отсутствия возможностей и желаний. Однако в какой степени следование этой концепции действительно способствует снижению страха старения и смягчает негативное отношение к пожилым людям — как со стороны общества в целом, так и со стороны тех, кто активно борется с внешними проявлениями возраста? Возможно ли сопротивление эйджизму хотя бы на теоретическом уровне? Каковы отношения между концепцией успешного старения и эйджизмом? Это основные вопросы данной статьи. Для ответа на них автор проводит глубинные интервью с женщинами среднего возраста из городского образованного класса, с достатком выше среднего, практикующими здоровый образ жизни (правильное питание, спорт и т.д.) и применяющими антивозрастные процедуры для замедления процесса старения (11 женщин в возрасте от 47 до 62 лет). Результаты исследования показывают, что парадигма успешного старения не снижает страха перед наступлением старости и не уменьшает уровень эйджизма по отношению к пожилым людям. Продление среднего возраста — это не борьба с эйджизмом, а, скорее, капитуляция перед ним.
Ключевые слова:
успешное старение, эйджизм, потребительское общество, средний возраст, антиэйдж, возрастные отношения
Литература
Butler R. (1969) Age-Ism: Another Form of Bigotry. The Gerontologist. Vol. 9. No. 4. P. 243–246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/9.4_part_1.243
Calasanti T. (2003) Theorizing Age Relations. In: S. Biggs, A. Lowenstein, J. Hendricks (eds.) The Need for Theory: Critical Approaches to Social Gerontology for the 21st Century. Amityville: Baywood. P. 199–218.
Calasanti T. (2015) Combating Ageism: How Successful Is Successful Aging? The Gerontologist. Vol. 56. No. 6. P. 1093–1101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv076
Dillaway H.E., Byrnes M. (2009) Reconsidering Successful Aging: A Call for Renewed and Expanded Academic Critiques and Conceptualizations. Journal of Applied Gerontology. Vol. 28. No. 6. P. 702–722. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464809333882
Fagerström J., Aarsten M. (2013) Successful Ageing and Its Relationship to Contemporary Norms: A Critical Look at the Call to “Age Well”. Recherches Sociologiques et Anthropologiques. Vol. 44. P. 51–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/rsa.918
Ferraro K.F., Schafer M.H. (2008) Gerontology’s Greatest Hits. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. Vol. 63. No. 1. P. 3–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/63.1.S3
Gibson D. (1998) Aged Care: Old Policies, New Problems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Giles H., Reid S.A. (2005) Ageism across the Lifespan: Towards a Self-categorization Model of Ageing. Journal of Social Issues. Vol. 61. No. 2. P. 389–404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2005.00412.x
Gilleard C. (2013) Renaissance Treatises on “Successful Aging”. Ageing & Society. Vol. 33. No. 2. P. 189–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X11001127
Havighurst R.J. (1961) Successful Aging. The Gerontologist. Vol. 1. No. 1. P. 8–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/1.1.8
Hess T.M., Hinson J.T., Statham J.A. (2004) Explicit and Implicit Stereotype Activation Effects on Memory: Do Age and Awareness Moderate the Impact of Priming? Psychology and Aging. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 495–505. DOI: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0882-7974.19.3.495
Holstein M.B., Minkler M. (2003) Self, Society, and the “New Gerontology”. The Gerontologist. Vol. 43. No. 6. P. 787–796. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/43.6.787
Homan K.J., Boyatzis C.J. (2009) Body Image in Older Adults: Links with Religion and Gender. Journal of Adult Development. Vol. 16. No. 4. P. 230–238. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9069-8
Hurd C.L. (2011) Facing Age: Women Growing Older in Antiaging Culture. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield
Kahn R.L. (2002) Guest Editorial: On “Successful Aging and Well-Being: Self-Rated Compared with Rowe and Kahn”. The Gerontologist. Vol. 42. No. 6. P. 725–726. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/42.6.725
Katz S., Calasanti T. (2015) Critical Perspectives on Successful Aging: Does It “Appeal More than It Illuminates”? The Gerontologist. Vol. 55. No. 1. P. 26–33. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnu027
Lamb S. (2014) Permanent Personhood or Meaningful Decline? Toward a Critical Anthropology of Successful Aging. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol. 29. P. 41–52. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2013.12.006
Laz C. (2003) Age Embodied. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol. 17. No. 4. P. 503–519. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0890-4065(03)00066-5
Lodge A.C., Umberson D. (2012) All Shook Up: Sexuality of Mid Later Life Married Couples. Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol. 74. No. 3. P. 428–443. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.00969.x
Miles M.B., Huberman M. (1994) Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Quadagno J. (2014) Aging and the Life Course (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rowe J.W. (1997) The New Gerontology. Science. Vol. 278. P. 367. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5337.367
Rowe J.W., Kahn R.L. (1987) Human Aging: Usual and Successful. Science. Vol. 237. P. 143–149. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3299702
Rowe J.W., Kahn R.L. (1997) Successful Aging. The Gerontologist. Vol. 37. No. 4. P. 433–440. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/37.4.433
Rowe J.W., Kahn R.L. (1998) Successful Aging. New York: Random House.
Sontag S. (1972) The Double Standard of Ageing. In: V. Carver, P. Liddiard (eds.) An Ageing Population. Milton Keynes: Open University. P. 72–80.
Strauss A.L. (1987) Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tomczyk L., Klimczuk A. (2019) Between Successful and Unsuccessful Ageing: Selected Aspects and Contexts. Crakow: Pedagogical University of Cracow. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/9788395373718
Calasanti T. (2003) Theorizing Age Relations. In: S. Biggs, A. Lowenstein, J. Hendricks (eds.) The Need for Theory: Critical Approaches to Social Gerontology for the 21st Century. Amityville: Baywood. P. 199–218.
Calasanti T. (2015) Combating Ageism: How Successful Is Successful Aging? The Gerontologist. Vol. 56. No. 6. P. 1093–1101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv076
Dillaway H.E., Byrnes M. (2009) Reconsidering Successful Aging: A Call for Renewed and Expanded Academic Critiques and Conceptualizations. Journal of Applied Gerontology. Vol. 28. No. 6. P. 702–722. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464809333882
Fagerström J., Aarsten M. (2013) Successful Ageing and Its Relationship to Contemporary Norms: A Critical Look at the Call to “Age Well”. Recherches Sociologiques et Anthropologiques. Vol. 44. P. 51–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/rsa.918
Ferraro K.F., Schafer M.H. (2008) Gerontology’s Greatest Hits. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. Vol. 63. No. 1. P. 3–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/63.1.S3
Gibson D. (1998) Aged Care: Old Policies, New Problems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Giles H., Reid S.A. (2005) Ageism across the Lifespan: Towards a Self-categorization Model of Ageing. Journal of Social Issues. Vol. 61. No. 2. P. 389–404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2005.00412.x
Gilleard C. (2013) Renaissance Treatises on “Successful Aging”. Ageing & Society. Vol. 33. No. 2. P. 189–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X11001127
Havighurst R.J. (1961) Successful Aging. The Gerontologist. Vol. 1. No. 1. P. 8–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/1.1.8
Hess T.M., Hinson J.T., Statham J.A. (2004) Explicit and Implicit Stereotype Activation Effects on Memory: Do Age and Awareness Moderate the Impact of Priming? Psychology and Aging. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 495–505. DOI: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0882-7974.19.3.495
Holstein M.B., Minkler M. (2003) Self, Society, and the “New Gerontology”. The Gerontologist. Vol. 43. No. 6. P. 787–796. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/43.6.787
Homan K.J., Boyatzis C.J. (2009) Body Image in Older Adults: Links with Religion and Gender. Journal of Adult Development. Vol. 16. No. 4. P. 230–238. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9069-8
Hurd C.L. (2011) Facing Age: Women Growing Older in Antiaging Culture. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield
Kahn R.L. (2002) Guest Editorial: On “Successful Aging and Well-Being: Self-Rated Compared with Rowe and Kahn”. The Gerontologist. Vol. 42. No. 6. P. 725–726. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/42.6.725
Katz S., Calasanti T. (2015) Critical Perspectives on Successful Aging: Does It “Appeal More than It Illuminates”? The Gerontologist. Vol. 55. No. 1. P. 26–33. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnu027
Lamb S. (2014) Permanent Personhood or Meaningful Decline? Toward a Critical Anthropology of Successful Aging. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol. 29. P. 41–52. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2013.12.006
Laz C. (2003) Age Embodied. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol. 17. No. 4. P. 503–519. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0890-4065(03)00066-5
Lodge A.C., Umberson D. (2012) All Shook Up: Sexuality of Mid Later Life Married Couples. Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol. 74. No. 3. P. 428–443. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.00969.x
Miles M.B., Huberman M. (1994) Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Quadagno J. (2014) Aging and the Life Course (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rowe J.W. (1997) The New Gerontology. Science. Vol. 278. P. 367. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5337.367
Rowe J.W., Kahn R.L. (1987) Human Aging: Usual and Successful. Science. Vol. 237. P. 143–149. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3299702
Rowe J.W., Kahn R.L. (1997) Successful Aging. The Gerontologist. Vol. 37. No. 4. P. 433–440. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/37.4.433
Rowe J.W., Kahn R.L. (1998) Successful Aging. New York: Random House.
Sontag S. (1972) The Double Standard of Ageing. In: V. Carver, P. Liddiard (eds.) An Ageing Population. Milton Keynes: Open University. P. 72–80.
Strauss A.L. (1987) Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tomczyk L., Klimczuk A. (2019) Between Successful and Unsuccessful Ageing: Selected Aspects and Contexts. Crakow: Pedagogical University of Cracow. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/9788395373718
Статья
Поступила: 10.12.2024
Опубликована: 30.06.2025
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
APA
Зеликова, Ю. А. (2025). Отношение женщин среднего возраста к концепции успешного старения. Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация, 17(2), 92-110. https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2025.17.2.5
Раздел
Полевые исследования
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.
