Этика использования искусственного интеллекта в качественных исследованиях
Обзорная статья
Для цитирования
Богданов Т. В. Этика использования искусственного интеллекта в качественных исследованиях // Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация. 2026. Том 18. № 2. С. 30-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2026.18.2.4 EDN: BYQMLP
Аннотация
Статья посвящена этическим и методологическим аспектам использования искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) в качественных социологических исследованиях. Широкое применение генеративного ИИ в научных исследованиях запустило междисциплинарную дискуссию об инструментальной эффективности и моральной допустимости применения технологии в процессе получения научного знания. Наиболее активные дебаты происходят в области социальных наук, в частности, среди исследователей, применяющих качественную методологию. Цель статьи — выявить векторы трансформации качественной методологии и очертить контуры новых этических дилемм, возникающих при делегировании интерпретативного труда нейросетям.Формирование новой исследовательской этики рассматривается через пересечение двух векторов: институционального регулирования («сверху вниз») и адаптации ИИ в реальных полевых условиях исследователями («снизу вверх»). Показано, что ИИ переходит из статуса вспомогательного инструмента в роль эпистемического медиума и со-исследователя, формируя модель гибридного (augmented) исследователя. Авторская позиция состоит в том, что этика использования ИИ не может быть сведена ни к нормативным запретам, ни к технооптимистическому принятию: продуктивным для исследователей, интегрирующих ИИ в свою практику, выступает принцип двойной рефлексивности. Главный вывод: этичное использование ИИ невозможно свести к формальным конвенциям. Решением выступает трансформация концепта методологической прозрачности из формальной декларации в подробный аудиторский след, фиксирующий все этапы взаимодействия алгоритма и исследователя, за которым сохраняется исключительная ответственность за валидность производимого социологического знания.
Ключевые слова:
качественные исследования, генеративный искусственный интеллект, исследовательская этика, методологическая прозрачность, эпистемология социальных наук
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Поступила: 15.04.2026
Опубликована: 03.07.2026
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Богданов, Т. В. (2026). Этика использования искусственного интеллекта в качественных исследованиях. Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация, 18(2), 30-50. https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2026.18.2.4
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Теоретические дискурсы и дискуссии
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