Литературная репутация в современном литературном поле: взгляд критиков
Научная статья
Выражение признательности
Материал данной статьи основан на результатах исследований, проведенных в ходе написания кандидатской диссертации на тему: «Литературная репутация в цифровую эпоху: поля, акторы, механизмы воспроизводства».
Для цитирования
Рязанцев А. П. Литературная репутация в современном литературном поле: взгляд критиков // Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация. 2025. Том 17. № 3. С. 55-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2025.17.3.3 EDN: FQHOZZ
Аннотация
Статья сфокусирована на дефиниции понятия литературная репутация и ее эмпирическом исследовании. Базируясь на концепции культурного посредничества, литературное производство рассматривается шире пары «автор — читатель» и включает других посредников — критиков, издателей, редакторов и т.д., которые создают интерпретации литературного продукта, поддерживают литературный канон и тем самым участвуют в конструировании литературных репутаций. Репутация понимается как согласованная и устойчивая оценка индивида, сформированная посредством обсуждения в социальной группе, то есть дискурсивно. Литературная репутация имеет реляционное происхождение, она складывается не только на основе текстов автора, но и в результате высказываний других акторов литературного поля; это социальный конструкт, в котором сочетаются художественная ценность литературного продукта, институциональное признание и культурные ожидания. Эмпирическое реконструирование литературной репутации, проведенное на основе 35 полуструктурированных интервью с литературными критиками, показывает, что, поскольку такая репутация формируется не только через тексты, но и через взаимодействие с критиками, издателями и другими посредниками, а также зависит от публичного восприятия, современный писатель вынужден выходить за рамки чисто творческой деятельности. Он должен не только создавать произведения, но и активно формировать свой медийный образ, участвуя в публичных коммуникациях, управляя репутационным капиталом, который зависит от узнаваемости, имиджа, личных взглядов и подвержен влиянию общественного мнения и медийных скандалов.
Ключевые слова:
литераторы, культурное посредничество, репутация, интервью, литературные критики
Литература
Вербилович О.Е. «Запрещенный прием»: инвалидность и публичный скандал в традиционных и интернет-медиа // Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2018. № 1. С. 253–266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2018.1.13 EDN: YQUCQO
Квале С. Исследовательское интервью. М.: Смысл, 2003. EDN: QXGGCB
Лакофф Д., Джонсон М. Метафоры, которыми мы живем / Пер. с англ А.Н. Баранова, А.В. Морозовой. М.: Издательство Эдиториал УРСС, 2004. EDN: QRAADX
Рейтблат А.И. Как Пушкин вышел в гении: Историко-социологические очерки о книжной культуре Пушкинской эпохи. М.: Новое литературное обозрение, 2001. EDN: ZSIOEF
Adut A. (2012) A Theory of the Public Sphere. Sociological Theory. Vol. 30. No. 4. P. 238–262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0735275112467012
Amlinger C. (2021) Schreiben: Eine Soziologie Literarischer Arbeit. Berlin: Suhrkamp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/arb-2022-0047
Anderson C., Shirako A. (2008) Are Individuals’ Reputations Related to Their History of Behavior? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 94. No. 2. P. 320–333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.2.320
Barnwell A. (2015) Enduring Divisions: Critique, Method, and Questions of Value in the Sociology of Literature. Cultural Sociology. Vol. 9. No. 4. P. 550–566. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1749975515587716
Backe H.-J. (2015) The Literary Canon in the Age of New Media. Poetics Today. Vol. 36. No. 1–2. P. 1–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-2879757
Becker H.S. (1982) Art Worlds. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520934870
Bourdieu P. (1984) Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu P. (1996) The Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Childress C. (2017) Under the Cover: The Creation, Production, and Reception of a Novel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1vxm7zv
Clifford J., Marcus G.E. (1986) Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Cottrell C.A., Neuberg S.L., Li. N.P. (2007) What Do People Desire in Others? A Sociofunctional Perspective on the Importance of Different Valued Characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 92. No. 2. P. 208–231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.208
Craik K.H. (2008) Reputation: A Network Interpretation. New York: Oxford University Press.
De Bellaigue E. (2008) “Trust Me. I’m an Agent”: The Ever-Changing Balance between Author, Agent and Publisher. Logos. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 109–119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2959/logo.2008.19.3.109
De Bruin E.N.M., van Lange P.A.M. (1999) Impression Formation and Cooperative Behavior. European Journal of Social Psychology. Vol. 29. P. 305–328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3%3C305::AID-EJSP929%3E3.0.CO; 2-R
English J. (2005) The Economy of Prestige: Prizes, Awards, and the Circulation of Cultural Value. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
English J. (2010) Everywhere and Nowhere: The Sociology of Literature after “the Sociology of Literature”. New Literary History. Vol. 41. No. 2. P. 5–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2010.0005
Emerson R.M, Fretz R.I., Shaw L.L. (1995) Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Feinberg M., Willer R., Keltner D. (2012) Flustered and Faithful: Embarrassment as a Signal of Prosociality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 102. No. 1. P. 81–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025403
Feinberg M., Willer R., Schultz M. (2014) Gossip and Ostracism Promote Cooperation in Groups. Psychological Science. Vol. 25. No. 3. P. 656–664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613510184
Franssen T., Kuipers G. (2013) Coping with Uncertainty, Abundance and Strife: Decision-Making Processes of Dutch Acquisition Editors in the Global Market for Translations. Poetics. Vol. 41. No. 1. P. 48–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2012.11.001
Fuller D., Sedo D.R. (2013) Reading Beyond the Book: The Social Practices of Contemporary Literary Culture. London; New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203067741
Fürst H. (2018) Making the Discovery: The Creativity of Selecting Fiction Manuscripts from the Slush Pile. Symbolic Interaction. Vol. 41. No. 4. P. 513–532. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.360
Gabriel M. (2020) Fiktionen. Berlin: Suhrkamp.
Geertz C. (1977) The Interpretation of Culture. New York: Basic Books.
Goffman E. (1959) The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books.
Griswold W. (1987) The Fabrication of Meaning: Literary Interpretation in the United States, Great Britain, and the West Indies. American Journal of Sociology. Vol. 92. No. 5. P. 1077–1117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/228628
Jazaieri H., Allison M.L., Campos B., Young R.C., Keltner D. (2019) Content, Structure, and Dynamics of Personal Reputation: The Role of Trust and Status Potential within Social Networks. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. Vol. 22. No. 7. P. 964–983. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430218806056
Knöchelmann M. (2024) Cultural Intermediation and Civil Society: Towards a Hermeneutically Strong Conception. Cultural Sociology. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 374–395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17499755241228891
Lang G. E., Lang K. (1988) Recognition and Renown: The Survival of Artistic Reputation. American Journal of Sociology. Vol. 94. No. 1. P. 79–109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/228952
Laurenson D., Swingewood A. (1971) The Sociology of Literature. London: MacGibbon and Kee.
Marquard O. (2020) Über die Unvermeidlichkeit der Geisteswissenschaften. In: Zukunft braucht Herkunft: Philosophische Essays. Ditzingen: Reclam. P. 171–189.
Moretti F. (2005) Graphs, Maps, Trees: Abstract Models for a Literary History. London; New York: Verso.
Mouffe С. (1995) “Post Marxism: Democracy and Identity”. Environment and Planning: Society and Space. Vol. 13. P. 259–265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/d130259
Murray S. (2015) Digital Literary Cultures. New Media & Society. Vol. 17. No. 6. P. 935–950.
Murray S. (2018) The Digital Literary Sphere: Reading, Writing, and Selling Books in the Internet Era. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Negus K. (2002) The Work of Cultural Intermediaries and the Enduring Distance between Production and Consumption. Cultural Studies. Vol. 16. No. 4. P. 501–515. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380210139089
Parkhurst Ferguson P., Desan P., Griswold W. (1988) Editors’ Introduction: Mirrors, Frames, and Demons: Reflections on the Sociology of Literature. Critical Inquiry. Vol. 14. No. 3. P. 421–430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/448448
Rindova V.P., Williamson I.O., Petkova A.P., Sever J.M. (2005) Being Good or Being Known: An Empirical Examination of the Dimensions, Antecedents, and Consequences of Organizational Reputation. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 48. No. 6. P. 1033–1049. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2005.19573108
Roberts P.W., Dowling G.R. (2002) Corporate Reputation and Sustained Superior Financial Performance. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 23. No. 12. P. 1077–1093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.274
Steiner A. (2018) The Global Book: Micropublishing, Conglomerate Production, and Digital Market Structures. Publishing Research Quarterly. Vol. 34. No. 1. P. 118–132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12109-017-9558-8
Tennie C., Frith U., Frith C.D. (2010) Reputation Management in the Age of the World-Wide Web. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. Vol. 14. No. 11. P. 482–488. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.07.003
Thompson J.B. (2010) Merchants of Culture: The Publishing Business in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Whitmeyer J.M. (2000) Effects of Positive Reputation Systems. Social Science Research. Vol. 29. No. 2. P. 188–207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/ssre.1999.0663
Willer R. (2009) Groups Reward Individual Sacrifice: The Status Solution to the Collective Action Problem. American Sociological Review. Vol. 74. No. 1. P. 23–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/000312240907400102
Квале С. Исследовательское интервью. М.: Смысл, 2003. EDN: QXGGCB
Лакофф Д., Джонсон М. Метафоры, которыми мы живем / Пер. с англ А.Н. Баранова, А.В. Морозовой. М.: Издательство Эдиториал УРСС, 2004. EDN: QRAADX
Рейтблат А.И. Как Пушкин вышел в гении: Историко-социологические очерки о книжной культуре Пушкинской эпохи. М.: Новое литературное обозрение, 2001. EDN: ZSIOEF
Adut A. (2012) A Theory of the Public Sphere. Sociological Theory. Vol. 30. No. 4. P. 238–262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0735275112467012
Amlinger C. (2021) Schreiben: Eine Soziologie Literarischer Arbeit. Berlin: Suhrkamp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/arb-2022-0047
Anderson C., Shirako A. (2008) Are Individuals’ Reputations Related to Their History of Behavior? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 94. No. 2. P. 320–333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.2.320
Barnwell A. (2015) Enduring Divisions: Critique, Method, and Questions of Value in the Sociology of Literature. Cultural Sociology. Vol. 9. No. 4. P. 550–566. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1749975515587716
Backe H.-J. (2015) The Literary Canon in the Age of New Media. Poetics Today. Vol. 36. No. 1–2. P. 1–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-2879757
Becker H.S. (1982) Art Worlds. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520934870
Bourdieu P. (1984) Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu P. (1996) The Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Childress C. (2017) Under the Cover: The Creation, Production, and Reception of a Novel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1vxm7zv
Clifford J., Marcus G.E. (1986) Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Cottrell C.A., Neuberg S.L., Li. N.P. (2007) What Do People Desire in Others? A Sociofunctional Perspective on the Importance of Different Valued Characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 92. No. 2. P. 208–231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.208
Craik K.H. (2008) Reputation: A Network Interpretation. New York: Oxford University Press.
De Bellaigue E. (2008) “Trust Me. I’m an Agent”: The Ever-Changing Balance between Author, Agent and Publisher. Logos. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 109–119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2959/logo.2008.19.3.109
De Bruin E.N.M., van Lange P.A.M. (1999) Impression Formation and Cooperative Behavior. European Journal of Social Psychology. Vol. 29. P. 305–328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3%3C305::AID-EJSP929%3E3.0.CO; 2-R
English J. (2005) The Economy of Prestige: Prizes, Awards, and the Circulation of Cultural Value. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
English J. (2010) Everywhere and Nowhere: The Sociology of Literature after “the Sociology of Literature”. New Literary History. Vol. 41. No. 2. P. 5–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2010.0005
Emerson R.M, Fretz R.I., Shaw L.L. (1995) Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Feinberg M., Willer R., Keltner D. (2012) Flustered and Faithful: Embarrassment as a Signal of Prosociality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 102. No. 1. P. 81–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025403
Feinberg M., Willer R., Schultz M. (2014) Gossip and Ostracism Promote Cooperation in Groups. Psychological Science. Vol. 25. No. 3. P. 656–664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613510184
Franssen T., Kuipers G. (2013) Coping with Uncertainty, Abundance and Strife: Decision-Making Processes of Dutch Acquisition Editors in the Global Market for Translations. Poetics. Vol. 41. No. 1. P. 48–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2012.11.001
Fuller D., Sedo D.R. (2013) Reading Beyond the Book: The Social Practices of Contemporary Literary Culture. London; New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203067741
Fürst H. (2018) Making the Discovery: The Creativity of Selecting Fiction Manuscripts from the Slush Pile. Symbolic Interaction. Vol. 41. No. 4. P. 513–532. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.360
Gabriel M. (2020) Fiktionen. Berlin: Suhrkamp.
Geertz C. (1977) The Interpretation of Culture. New York: Basic Books.
Goffman E. (1959) The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books.
Griswold W. (1987) The Fabrication of Meaning: Literary Interpretation in the United States, Great Britain, and the West Indies. American Journal of Sociology. Vol. 92. No. 5. P. 1077–1117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/228628
Jazaieri H., Allison M.L., Campos B., Young R.C., Keltner D. (2019) Content, Structure, and Dynamics of Personal Reputation: The Role of Trust and Status Potential within Social Networks. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. Vol. 22. No. 7. P. 964–983. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430218806056
Knöchelmann M. (2024) Cultural Intermediation and Civil Society: Towards a Hermeneutically Strong Conception. Cultural Sociology. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 374–395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17499755241228891
Lang G. E., Lang K. (1988) Recognition and Renown: The Survival of Artistic Reputation. American Journal of Sociology. Vol. 94. No. 1. P. 79–109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/228952
Laurenson D., Swingewood A. (1971) The Sociology of Literature. London: MacGibbon and Kee.
Marquard O. (2020) Über die Unvermeidlichkeit der Geisteswissenschaften. In: Zukunft braucht Herkunft: Philosophische Essays. Ditzingen: Reclam. P. 171–189.
Moretti F. (2005) Graphs, Maps, Trees: Abstract Models for a Literary History. London; New York: Verso.
Mouffe С. (1995) “Post Marxism: Democracy and Identity”. Environment and Planning: Society and Space. Vol. 13. P. 259–265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/d130259
Murray S. (2015) Digital Literary Cultures. New Media & Society. Vol. 17. No. 6. P. 935–950.
Murray S. (2018) The Digital Literary Sphere: Reading, Writing, and Selling Books in the Internet Era. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Negus K. (2002) The Work of Cultural Intermediaries and the Enduring Distance between Production and Consumption. Cultural Studies. Vol. 16. No. 4. P. 501–515. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380210139089
Parkhurst Ferguson P., Desan P., Griswold W. (1988) Editors’ Introduction: Mirrors, Frames, and Demons: Reflections on the Sociology of Literature. Critical Inquiry. Vol. 14. No. 3. P. 421–430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/448448
Rindova V.P., Williamson I.O., Petkova A.P., Sever J.M. (2005) Being Good or Being Known: An Empirical Examination of the Dimensions, Antecedents, and Consequences of Organizational Reputation. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 48. No. 6. P. 1033–1049. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2005.19573108
Roberts P.W., Dowling G.R. (2002) Corporate Reputation and Sustained Superior Financial Performance. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 23. No. 12. P. 1077–1093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.274
Steiner A. (2018) The Global Book: Micropublishing, Conglomerate Production, and Digital Market Structures. Publishing Research Quarterly. Vol. 34. No. 1. P. 118–132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12109-017-9558-8
Tennie C., Frith U., Frith C.D. (2010) Reputation Management in the Age of the World-Wide Web. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. Vol. 14. No. 11. P. 482–488. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.07.003
Thompson J.B. (2010) Merchants of Culture: The Publishing Business in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Whitmeyer J.M. (2000) Effects of Positive Reputation Systems. Social Science Research. Vol. 29. No. 2. P. 188–207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/ssre.1999.0663
Willer R. (2009) Groups Reward Individual Sacrifice: The Status Solution to the Collective Action Problem. American Sociological Review. Vol. 74. No. 1. P. 23–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/000312240907400102
Статья
Поступила: 17.07.2025
Опубликована: 30.09.2025
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
APA
Рязанцев, А. П. (2025). Литературная репутация в современном литературном поле: взгляд критиков. Интеракция. Интервью. Интерпретация, 17(3), 55-78. https://doi.org/10.19181/inter.2025.17.3.3
Раздел
Полевые исследования
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